Lifestyle Factors Associated with Sleep Quality Among Undergraduate Students: A Narrative Review

Abstract

Sleep plays a fundamental role in physical and mental health. University students frequently experience inadequate sleep due to academic demands, excessive screen time, stress, and irregular daily routines. Poor sleep quality has been associated with impaired cognitive performance, reduced academic achievement, and increased risk of psychological disorders. To review the influence of common lifestyle factors on sleep quality among undergraduate students and identify practical strategies that may improve sleep health. Sleep disturbances have become increasingly prevalent among university students worldwide. Multiple lifestyle behaviors, including prolonged use of electronic devices before bedtime, excessive caffeine consumption, reduced physical activity, irregular meal timing, and elevated academic stress, have been linked to poor sleep quality. This review summarizes current evidence regarding the relationship between these modifiable factors and sleep health in young adults. Studies consistently demonstrate that maintaining regular sleep schedules, engaging in routine physical activity, limiting screen exposure before bedtime, and adopting healthy stress-management practices contribute to improved sleep quality and daytime functioning. Universities should consider integrating sleep education into student wellness programs to promote healthier lifestyles and academic success. Future prospective studies are needed to evaluate long-term outcomes of lifestyle interventions on sleep quality in diverse student populations.